{"id":32711,"date":"2019-03-27T16:11:53","date_gmt":"2019-03-27T20:11:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/?p=32711"},"modified":"2022-04-23T10:59:39","modified_gmt":"2022-04-23T14:59:39","slug":"skate-parks-and-skateboarders","status":"publish","type":"egp_essays","link":"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/essays\/skate-parks-and-skateboarders\/","title":{"rendered":"Skate Parks and Skateboarders"},"content":{"rendered":"

During the 1980s, Philadelphia and its surrounding communities emerged as a mecca for the sport of skateboarding. The region developed more than twenty skate parks, and local professional skateboarders achieved international fame over the next four decades. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, approximately 105,000 of Philadelphia\u2019s 1.5 million residents skateboarded. Despite occasional opposition by city officials to skateboarding in public locations, the sport flourished.<\/p>\n

Skateboarding began in 1958, when early pioneers of the sport attached roller skates to the bottom of boards. This allowed traditional ocean surfers to \u201csidewalk surf\u201d in places where there were no waves. The following year, Roller Derby, a company with operations in Illinois and California, began to mass-produce skateboards with metal wheels. Between 1963 and 1968, manufacturers of surfboards, such as Makaha <\/a>and Hobie<\/a>, started making better-quality skateboards with clay wheels and trucks. This improved construction and distribution and opened the door for the increased popularity of the sport, prompting the advent of skate contests, the first of which was held in Hermosa Beach, California, in 1963. In the 1970s, skateboards could be purchased at mainstream retailers, such as JCPenney, throughout the United States.<\/p>\n

\"A
Skateboarders in the late twentieth century valued John F. Kennedy Plaza, better known as LOVE Park, for its rails and ledges. Considered a nuisance but defended by skateboarders and city planner Ed Bacon, the park lost these features when redeveloped by the city into the smoother landscape visible in this 2018 photograph. (Photograph for The Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia<\/i>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Beginning in the 1980s, local skateboarders descended on John F. Kennedy Plaza<\/a> (Love Park), at Fifteenth Street and John F. Kennedy Boulevard in Center City<\/a>. This park, designed by city planner Edmund Bacon<\/a> (1910-2005) and architect Vincent Kling<\/a> (1916-2013), had opened in 1965 between City Hall<\/a> and the Benjamin Franklin Parkway<\/a>. In 1976, the iconic Robert Indiana LOVE<\/em> sculpture<\/a> became the park\u2019s most distinctive feature. The park fell into disrepair in the 1980s, but it became a popular spot for local and visiting amateur and professional skateboarders because of its features, such as ledges, railings, stairs, and desirable landing spots. Skateboarders from around the world described the park as \u201cPhiladelphia\u2019s skate spot,\u201d \u201clegendary,\u201d and \u201cthe greatest skate spot ever.\u201d Popular skateboarders such as Josh Kalis (b. 1976), Stevie Williams (b. 1979), and Kerry Getz (b. 1975) skated in the park as it rose to prominence in skateboarding circles.<\/p>\n

The Bans of 1994 and 2000<\/b><\/p>\n

To the displeasure of skateboarders, city officials formally banned skateboarding on two occasions, in 1994 and 2000. These bans led to conflict between skateboarders and police<\/a> that often resulted in arrests and hefty fines. The friction sparked a debate between backers of the skateboarders and lawmakers over the rights of individuals and groups to use public space. Ultimately, the debate ended when renovations to the park in 2002 and 2016 resulted in destruction of some of the best spots to skateboard.<\/p>\n

After city government attempted to end skateboarding in Love Park in 1994, a section of South Philadelphia<\/a>\u2019s Franklin Delano Roosevelt Park<\/a> located beneath Interstate 95<\/a> was opened to skateboarders. The city contributed sixteen thousand square feet of unused public land beneath the interstate and added skate park features, including pyramids and a grind box for tricks. Local skateboarders created additional features to improve the terrain for better riding and for performing tricks. Over the years, through the efforts of volunteers and international attention caused by competitions and video games, the park evolved into one of the more popular and well-known skateparks in the world. The park hosted the Gravity Games, a multi-event extreme-sports competition, in 2005 and was featured in the 2007 video game Tony Hawk\u2019s Proving Ground<\/i>. Local professional skateboarders such as Chuck Treece (b. 1964), Bam Margera (b. 1979), and Willy Akers (b. 1986) became regulars at this skate park and were photographed and recorded riding there on numerous occasions.<\/p>\n

\"A
Prompted by bans and hefty fines, skateboarders advocated for safe places to practice their sport. Paine\u2019s Skate Park opened near the Schuylkill River Trail in 2013 with the support of ad-hoc group Paine\u2019s Skate Park Fund, later renamed SkatePhilly. (Photograph by M. Edlow for Visit Philadelphia<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

As the young people who were once chased out of Love Park by the police became adults, they became activists for the sport they loved. Frustration from the Love Park debate emboldened local skateboarders to organize and lobby for the designation of public space for skateboarding. Josh Nims<\/a> (b. 1975), a local skateboarder, founded an advocacy group called Franklin\u2019s Paine Skatepark Fund (FPSF) to raise funds for a new park and to advocate the value of skateboarding for American cities that chose to embrace the sport instead of criminalizing it. After ten years of fund-raising, the organization raised enough capital to break ground in 2012 on a new facility, Paine\u2019s Skate Park<\/a>, at Martin Luther King Jr. Drive and the Benjamin Franklin Parkway near the Schuylkill River Trail<\/a> and the Philadelphia Museum of Art<\/a>. With support from many individuals in the local skateboarding community, including Jesse Rendell (b. 1980), a skateboarder turned lawyer and son of Ed Rendell<\/a> (b. 1944), former mayor of Philadelphia<\/a> and governor of Pennsylvania, the multimillion dollar project opened in May 2013.<\/p>\n

Suburban Skateboarding<\/b><\/p>\n

\"A
By the 1970s, mainstream retail stores sold skateboards, and the sport\u2019s popularity extended far from its birthplace in California. This 1978 photograph shows skateboarders using a half-pipe in the beach community of Wildwood, New Jersey. (Library of Congress<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Skateboarding also became popular in communities surrounding Philadelphia. In the suburbs, local governments succeeded in establishing partnerships to raise funds, build, and maintain skate parks. The borough of Ambler, Pennsylvania, partnered with local supporters and volunteers to open the Ambler Skatepark<\/a> in 2011. Patrick Kerr Memorial Skatepark in Abington Township, Pennsylvania, took its name from the leading advocate of the project, who died in 2003. Supporters of this skate park also maintained an educational scholarship fund for young skateboarders from the Abington area. Other popular skate parks could be found throughout South Jersey in Brigantine, Maple Shade Township, Medford, Ocean City, Sea Isle City, West Deptford, and Williamstown. A $750,000 skate park in Ocean City<\/a> was built in 2015 with $500,000 in Cape May County Open Space<\/a> funding and $250,000 in city money.<\/p>\n

The opening of skate parks throughout the region in the twenty-first century coupled with the abundant support of the skateboarding advocacy nonprofit organization Skate Philly<\/a>, formed by members of the Franklin\u2019s Paine Skatepark Fund to promote the positive aspects of skateboarding in the region, demonstrated the resilience, organization, and dedication of the local skateboarding community.<\/p>\n

Matthew Ward<\/b><\/em> is a boxing historian and writer from Blue Bell, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Arizona State University in 2007 with a B.A. in History and Culture, and Rutgers University\u2014Camden in 2018 with an M.A. in History. He worked in financial services for over nine years and serves as a commissioned officer in the U.S. Army Reserve. He is also an Army veteran who served in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom from 2010 to 2011. He grew up on the Jersey Shore and runs a boxing blog and podcast called <\/i>The Weigh-In. (Author information current at time of publication.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Professional Skateboarders from the Greater Philadelphia Area<\/strong><\/p>\n

Willy Akers<\/strong><\/a> (b. 1986), Wilmington, Del.<\/p>\n

Tom Asta<\/strong><\/a> (b. 1990), Langhorne, Pa.<\/p>\n

Chris Cole<\/strong><\/a> (b. 1982), Langhorne, Pa.<\/p>\n

Pete Eldridge<\/strong><\/a>, Pennington, N.J.<\/p>\n

Kerry Getz<\/strong> (b. 1975), Lehighton, Pa.<\/p>\n

Josh Kalis<\/strong><\/a> (b. 1976), Philadelphia.<\/p>\n

Brandon Cole \u201cBam\u201d Margera<\/strong><\/a> (b. 1979), West Chester, Pa.<\/p>\n

Ricky Oyola<\/strong>, Pemberton, N.J.<\/p>\n

Chuck Treece<\/strong><\/a> (b. 1964), Philadelphia.<\/p>\n

Ishod Wair<\/strong><\/a> (b. 1991), Bordentown, N.J.<\/p>\n

Stevie Williams<\/strong><\/a> (b. 1979), Philadelphia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

During the 1980s, Philadelphia and its surrounding communities emerged as a mecca for the sport of skateboarding. The region developed more than twenty skate parks, and local professional skateboarders achieved international fame over the next four decades. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, approximately 105,000 of Philadelphia\u2019s 1.5 million residents skateboarded. Despite occasional opposition […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":33035,"template":"","egp_featured_subjects":[1991,1999,2029,2031],"class_list":["post-32711","egp_essays","type-egp_essays","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","egp_featured_subjects-activism","egp_featured_subjects-children-and-youth","egp_featured_subjects-popular-culture","egp_featured_subjects-sports-and-recreation"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/egp_essays\/32711","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/egp_essays"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/egp_essays"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/egp_essays\/32711\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37306,"href":"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/egp_essays\/32711\/revisions\/37306"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33035"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32711"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"egp_featured_subjects","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/egp_featured_subjects?post=32711"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}